Particulate air contaminations adversely impact the public and have thereby prompted the development of air purification systems. Herein, we show a novel liquid-mediated purification system (LMS) based on a core-shell liquid-mediated membrane filter for high-efficient capture of almost all hazardous airborne particles. This system overcomes the unavoidable instability and fouling/clogging problems of conventional filtering systems, driven by unstable surface attractive sites (e.g., electrostatic charges). The optimized liquid layer in LMS (e.g., glycerol) affords strong surface tension effect and high particle detachment energy to enable an integrated three-step particle-capturing process (particle attraction, adhesion, and retention), achieving an overall outperforming filtration efficiency over 99% without resistance increase within 3 months usage. Such a liquid-interface-guided purification strategy performs judicious combinability and adjustability with the liquid layer acting as the primary filtering layer, promoting the development of universal, highly effective, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective air purification.